1. Obtain a water quality report from your local municipality within the last two years and discuss what you found in the report?
2. Identify a water quality issue happening in your community and where the pollution comes from? This includes point sources (for example, water discharge from a factory; contamination from a Superfund site), Non-point sources (for example, agricultural runoff), and Natural sources.
3. Describe how the pollution source is impacting the environment and human health in your community, and provide two examples of each.
4. Identify three management practices to minimize water pollution.
Remember to support your data and information with appropriate citations. A minimum of five peer-reviewed references must be included.
specific bacterial strains promote plant growth and resistance to abiotic stress (NaCl).
BIOL112 Research Proposal (completed with your partners)
Purpose of a proposal
Writing research proposals is critical in science as it is an essential step in getting funding for carrying out projects. As a student, you may need to write a research proposal when you apply for summer research programs (e.g. LMU’s SURP program). As a graduate student, you may need to write a proposal to get funding or to get your thesis plan approved. In all cases, the research proposal is meant to persuade someone, be it a funding agency, supervisor, or academic institution, that your ideas are worthwhile to pursue.
A research proposal has three main ingredients:
The Issue (What problem does the research address?)
Research Design (How will the research be done?)
Benefit (Why the research should be done?)
In order to achieve this, the research proposal will make you:
THINK through your experiments
Provide intellectual CONTEXT
JUSTIFY your research
You have now obtained rhizosphere bacteria and have characterized them for some of the properties suggestive of plant growth promotion. In the coming weeks you will begin testing two of these strains on plants. There are two plant assays you will be doing (protocols on Brighspace). One of them is a petri dish assay to assess germination percentage of the native plant Chamissoniopsis ca. The 2nd assay uses an agricultural plant and a hydroponic method to assess the impact of your strains on overall plant growth. In this assignment, you will choose ONE of these assays to focus on and write a short proposal related to it. You can use the procedures provided to get the information for how to set up the experiment and what the controls are. However, you have the flexibility to determine, given what you know about the properties of your strains thus far, what abiotic stress you would like to apply in the assay. Key parts of the proposal include:
Overall goal
Experimental strategy to address question, resolve hypothesis, and/or accomplish task (outline relevant lab procedures).
Discuss positive and negative controls as appropriate.
Prediction of results if experimental outcomes are consistent with proposed hypothesis/question.
At least two references relevant to your project.
Turn in a 1-2 page (double spaced) write-up of your proposal using the format described below. In it you will include the above items in paragraph form, giving background and justification for your project, and describing in detail how you plan to carry out the experiment (based on the protocols provided on Brightspace), making sure you specify exactly what stress treatment you will be using and the concentration applied.
Proposal parts
The proposal should have the following sections:
I. Title
II. Background and Specific Aims
This section should present a concise review of the primary literature relevant to your proposed research efforts. You should begin with the basics of your research topic and then narrow the focus of those details that are especially pertinent to the proposed work.
Specifically, include the following in this section:
A couple of sentences related to the importance of plant growth promoting bacteria, especially in relationship to the abiotic stress you are focusing on. Make sure to cite appropriately in the text.
A couple of sentences outlining what you have already accomplished, including what plant your isolates came from, the soil used in the trap plant experiment, and the interesting properties these bacteria have that suggest they may be plant growth promoting.
You should end this section with a statement of the Specific Aims of your research. You want to briefly state what the hypothesis is that you are testing or the question(s) that you seek to answer and how you will you do this (e.g. with seed germination assay or plant growth promotion assay).
III. Methods and Predicted Results
The Research Design and Methods section contains a descriiption of the procedures you will use to test your questions. Describe your experiments in sufficient detail so that they could be repeated exactly. What abiotic stress are you testing and how is it being applied (e.g. what concentration?) What control experiments will you carry out? How will you measure or quantify your results (e.g. counting number seeds germinated or weighing dry weights)? How many replicates are you doing? Be thorough, but not excessive.
Based on what you’ve seen in the primary literature, explain what you expect to see and hope to show through your results. What specific results do you expect to obtain in order to conclude that your hypothesis is supported or question answered? How would you interpret results other than those you expect? This section is critical to convincing your readers that you have designed an experimental protocol that will lead to a successful test of your hypothesis, generating clearly interpretable data from which you can draw strong conclusions.
IV. Discussion/Significance
In light of the results you expect to obtain from your planned experiment, what conclusions would you draw from these data? Discuss the significance of your expected findings to your field of study. In this section you relate the results of your work to the general body of knowledge you described and assessed in the Introduction. In other words, here you come full circle, relating what your work has revealed to the state of knowledge when you began your project.
V. References
You need to give in text citations and have a Reference list. You should have at least three references relevant to your project cited in the proposal. The in-text citations should be in the format (author last name et al., date) e.g. (Chen et al., 2002). If it is a single author, it would be (Chen, 2002).
If you have put all your references in Zotero, you should be able to export the Bibliography quite readily and put them in the Reference section.
General information about our experiment:
https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40538-019-0169-9#:~:text=24, 36].-,Conclusion,concentration of Na under salinity.
We collected a lot of information from this specific paper (calculations and methods).
Our bacterial strains, isolate 5 and isolate 6, are from LAX dunes.
Our abiotic stress is NaCl (salinity).
Biology – 111 TOPIC: Genetics/Reproduction Organism chosen to write about: Fern Plant (Pteridophyta) Discuss an organism from a genetics/reproduction
Biology Assignment Help Biology – 111
TOPIC: Genetics/Reproduction
Organism chosen to write about: Fern Plant (Pteridophyta)
Discuss an organism from a genetics/reproduction standpoint. How many chromosomes and how many copies of each does a healthy individual have? Describe the reproductive isolating mechanisms that prevent males and females from wasting their gametes.
GENERAL INFORMATION:
* 1200 on-topic words (penalty for less; no reward for more), typewritten and proofed
* Cite at least two peer-reviewed journal articles using both within-text (author/year)
citations and full citation details at the end of your paper.
* MLA format
* Do more than just summarize discover details that interest you; go down rabbit holes;
look at current experiments and research; make connections; have fun.
* Be sure to attribute any direct quotes and to cite information that you summarize; to
do otherwise is to imply the ideas and research that generated the information are
your own, which is plagiarism.
* No more than 15 percent of the word count may come from direct quotes.
Ectothermic Organisms have body temperatures that vary with the temperature of their surroundings. Discuss the effect this variation might
Ectothermic Organisms have body temperatures that vary with the temperature of their surroundings. Discuss the effect this variation might have on the functioning of enzymes in these organisms. Suggest some ways ectothermic organisms might cope with this problem; use a specific organism as an example in your paper.